• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR VERIFICATION OF VALUE DOCUMENTS. The invention relates to a method and apparatus for checking documents of value that have a security element with several magnetic areas, including at least one high coercive magnetic area, at least one low coercive magnetic area and at least one magnetic area combined that contains the low coercive and the high coercive magnetic material. After magnetizing all magnetic areas in a first direction, the first magnetic signals from the safety element are detected with a first auto switch. After a second subsequent magnetization which is carried out antiparallel to the first magnetization and which magnetically inverts only the low coercive magnetic material, the second magnetic signals of the security element are detected. To identify the magnetic areas, the second magnetic signals or a signal derived from this are compared to two thresholds.
    公开号:BR112012004544B1
    申请号:R112012004544-0
    申请日:2010-08-31
    公开日:2021-03-16
    发明作者:Elisabeth Paul；Jürgen Schützmann；Wolfgang Rauscher
    申请人:Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The invention relates to a method and apparatus for checking documents of value, such as bank notes, checks, cards, tickets, coupons.
    [0002] From the prior art, it is known that the supply of valuable documents with security elements, such as security strips or also security thread, which contains magnetic material. The magnetic material in this document can be applied to the security element, either continuously or only in certain areas, for example, in the form of an encoding. For the magnetic coding of a security element, for example, a certain sequence of magnetic and non-magnetic areas is used, which is characteristic of the type of the document of value to be protected. In addition, it is known to use different magnetic materials for magnetic coding, for example, with different forces of coercive fields. In the magnetic encodings known to date, for example, two coercive magnetic materials are used in different ways, from which two types of magnetic areas are formed which can be arranged side by side or one on top of the other.
    [0003] Additionally, it is known to automatically check bank notes that have a security thread, which has a magnetic encoding of coercive materials in different ways. In this document, banknotes are transported parallel to the course of the security element, and, one after the other, first pass through a strong magnetic field parallel to the direction of transport, which magnetizes both high and low coercive magnetic areas along the transport direction. The remaining magnetization is verified by means of an inductive magnetic head that is sensitive exclusively parallel to the direction of transport. Banknotes then pass through a weaker magnetic field perpendicular to the direction of transport, which aligns only the low coercive magnetic areas perpendicular to the direction of transport, while the high coercive magnetic areas remain magnetized in the direction of transport. Again, the remaining magnetization is verified by means of an inductive magnetic head that is sensitive exclusively parallel to the direction of transport. With the first magnetic head, in this document, low and high coercive magnetic areas are detected and with the second inductive magnetic head only high coercive magnetic areas are detected. If the security element, however, also contains combined magnetic areas, which contain the two coercive magnetic materials in different ways, so that the coercive magnetic materials in different ways at the same time reach the detection range of the auto switch, an overlap of the magnetic signals from coercive magnetic materials in different ways is detected. The magnetic areas combined in this document generate a reduced magnetic signal, whose signal oscillation is between that of the high coercive magnetic areas and those of the low coercive magnetic areas. A disadvantage of this method is that these combined magnetic areas can be distinguished only with difficulty from the high coercive and low coercive magnetic areas.
    [0004] The invention, therefore, is based on the objective of carrying out the verification of documents of value in such a way that the high coercive, low coercive and combined magnetic areas, respectively, can be reliably distinguished from each other.
    [0005] This objective is achieved through the subjects of the independent claims. In the claims dependent on those cited, advantageous developments and embodiments of the invention are specified.
    [0006] The document of value to be verified has a security element with several magnetic areas. The magnetic areas include at least one high coercive magnetic area of a high coercive magnetic material with a first coercive field strength and at least one low coercive magnetic area of a low coercive magnetic material with a second coercive field strength that is less than the first coercive field force, and at least one combined magnetic area that has both the high coercive and the low coercive magnetic material. For example, at least one high coercive magnetic area, at least one low coercive area and at least one combined magnetic area in the security element respectively are spaced apart by non-magnetic areas that are between them.
    [0007] At least one combined magnetic area contains both high and low coercive magnetic material. The combined magnetic area preferably contains a smaller amount of the high coercive magnetic material than the high coercive magnetic area and a smaller amount of the low coercive magnetic material than the low coercive magnetic area. In particular, the combined magnetic area is configured in such a way that the high coercive magnetic material and the low coercive magnetic area of the combined magnetic area have substantially the same remaining flux density. For example, the combined magnetic area contains the same amount of high coercive magnetic material and low coercive magnetic material. In particular, the high coercive and low coercive magnetic material of the combined magnetic area are arranged with each other. Alternatively, the combined magnetic area can contain the high coercive and low coercive magnetic material also in the form of a mixture of material.
    [0008] The high coercive magnetic material of the high coercive magnetic area, however, is not configured to magnetically reverse the low coercive magnetic material of the combined magnetic area or the low coercive magnetic material of the low coercive magnetic area. Likewise, the high coercive magnetic material of the combined magnetic area is not configured to magnetically reverse the low coercive magnetic material of the combined magnetic area or the low coercive magnetic material of the low coercive magnetic area. This results from the fact that the strength of the magnetic field that the respective high coercive magnetic material generates in place of the low coercive magnetic material is less than the strength of the coercive field of the respective low coercive magnetic material.
    [0009] In a specific modality, the remaining flux density of the high coercive magnetic area and that of the low coercive magnetic area are the same. In addition, the remaining flux density of the high coercive magnetic material in the combined magnetic area is, for example, half the remaining flux density of the high coercive magnetic area and the remaining flux density of the low coercive magnetic material in the additional magnetic area is half the flux density remaining from the low coercive magnetic area. For the combined magnetic area, a remaining flux density arises from the sum of the two remaining flux densities of the high coercive and low coercive magnetic material of the combined magnetic area. In particular, the remaining flux density resulting from the combined magnetic area is preferably equal to the remaining flux density of the high coercive magnetic area and equal to the remaining flux density of the low coercive magnetic area.
    [0010] To verify the value document, the following steps are performed: The value document or the security element of the value document is magnetized through a first magnetic field, the strength of the magnetic field being greater than the first and the second coercive field force. The magnetization of the high coercive magnetic material (from both the high and combined coercive magnetic area) and the magnetization of the low coercive magnetic material (from both the low and combined coercive magnetic area), in this document, are aligned evenly in one first magnetization direction. After this first magnetization, the first magnetic signals from the safety element are detected using a first magnetic detector. Then the value document or the security element is magnetized through a second magnetic field whose magnetic field strength is less than the first coercive field force, but is greater than the second coercive field force. The magnetization of the high coercive magnetic material (from both the high and the combined coercive magnetic area), in this document, remains aligned without changes in the first magnetization direction. The second magnetic field is oriented so that the magnetization of the low coercive magnetic material (from both the low and the combined coercive magnetic area) is aligned antiparallel to the first magnetization direction. For example, the second magnetic field extends antiparallel to the first magnetic field. After this second magnetization, the second magnetic signals from the security element are detected through the first or through the second auto switch. In the embodiments, the second magnetic signals are detected by means of a second magnetic detector, which is constructed in the same way as, for example, the first magnetic detector. Alternatively, the second magnetic signals can also be detected through the first, that is, through the same magnetic detector as the first magnetic signals.
    [0011] In addition, the first and second magnetic signals are analyzed in order to ascertain in which positions in the security element the magnetic areas of the security element are located, and to identify each of the magnetic areas of the security element either as one of the combined magnetic areas, either as a low or high coercive magnetic area. As the first magnetic field magnetizes all the magnetic areas of the security element in a first magnetizing direction, from the first magnetic signal it can be ascertained in which positions in the security element the magnetic areas are located.
    [0012] Since the magnetic field strength of the second magnetic field is less than the first coercive field strength, the high coercive magnetic areas are not magnetically reversed through the second magnetic field. When using magnetic detectors constructed in an identical way, or identical for the detection of the first and second magnetic signals, the first and second magnetic signals of the high coercive magnetic areas are, therefore, substantially the same. As the low coercive magnetic material is aligned, through the second magnetic field, antiparallel to the first magnetization direction, the second magnetic signal of at least one low coercive magnetic area differs from the first magnetic signal of at least one low coercive magnetic area, respectively. For example, the second magnetic signal from the low coercive magnetic area is substantially inverted compared to the first magnetic signal from the low coercive magnetic area. Furthermore, the antiparallel magnetization of the low coercive magnetic material also leads to the fact that the second magnetic signal from at least one combined magnetic area differs respectively from the first magnetic signal from at least one combined magnetic area and from the second magnetic signals from the low coercive magnetic areas. is tall. From the second magnetic signal of the respective magnetic area, it can be derived, whether the respective magnetic area is a high coercive, a low coercive or a combined magnetic area.
    [0013] At least one combined magnetic area is magnetized through the second magnetic field in such a way that a magnetization resulting from at least one combined magnetic area, which arises from the second magnetizing one, at least approximately disappears. In particular, the remaining flux densities of the low coercives and the high coercive magnetic material of at least one combined magnetic area are chosen so that through a magnetization of the high coercive magnetic material and the low antiparallel to each other, a resulting magnetization is configured disappearance of the respective combined magnetic area. For example, the combined magnetic areas are configured so that the low coercive magnetic material in the combined magnetic area and the high coercive magnetic material in the combined magnetic area have the same remaining flux density. When, in this case, the low coercive magnetic material of the combined magnetic area is magnetized, through the second magnetic field, antiparallel to the high coercive magnetic material of the combined magnetic area, a magnetization resulting from the disappearance of the respective combined magnetic area is achieved. Through the resulting magnetization of the combined magnetic areas almost disappearing, it is possible for the second magnetic signals from the high and low coercive magnetic areas to be very reliably distinguished from the second magnetic signals from the combined magnetic areas.
    [0014] The first and second magnetization directions preferably rest on the plane of the value document. This is advantageous compared to a magnetization direction perpendicular to the plane of the value document, since the magnetic material of the security element can be magnetized more easily on the plane of the value document than perpendicular to the plane of the value document. Through magnetization in the plane of the value document, thus, a more reliable verification of the value document is possible. In some embodiments, the first direction of magnetization extends parallel or antiparallel to the direction of transport of the document of value and the second direction of magnetization opposite to it. The first and second directions of magnetization, however, can also rest on the plane of the value document and extend perpendicular or oblique to the direction of transport.
    [0015] Each of the magnetic areas of the security element provides a contribution to the first and second magnetic signal of the security element. The contribution that the respective magnetic area makes to the first or second magnetic signal of the security element is referred to in the first or second magnetic signal of the respective magnetic area below. For example, the first magnetic signal or the second magnetic signal of a magnetic area is configured as the first or second magnetic signal signature. The first and second magnetic signals of the security element can therefore contain a plurality of individual magnetic signal signatures. The exact shape of the magnetic signal signatures, however, depends on the magnetic detector used and the remaining flux density of the respective magnetic area and the length of the respective magnetic area. For example, the first magnetic signal signature of high coercives, low coercives and combined magnetic areas can be configured as a single peak or as a double peak respectively. By means of the disappearance of the resulting magnetization, as it can be generated with the combined magnetic areas through the second antiparallel magnetizer, the second magnetic signal of the combined magnetic area consists of a magnetic signal amplitude that has no pronounced peaks and that remains close to a second signal shift that the second magnetic signal has.
    [0016] To identify the magnetic areas, the second magnetic signals from the magnetic areas are analyzed. Preferably, for that purpose a signal processing of the second magnetic signals is performed, which uses two thresholds with which the respective second magnetic signal of the respective magnetic area is compared. The two thresholds are formed through an upper threshold and through a lower threshold, with the lower threshold resting below the upper threshold. With reference to a positive magnetic signal amplitude of the second magnetic signal, this means that the upper threshold rests on a larger magnetic signal amplitude than the lower threshold. Upon identification of the magnetic areas, all of these magnetic areas whose second magnetic signal neither exceeds the upper threshold nor reduces the lower threshold are identified as combined magnetic areas. In addition, each magnetic area whose second magnetic signal exceeds the upper threshold or whose second magnetic signal reduces the lower threshold is identified as a high or low coercive magnetic area. The length of the individual magnetic areas along the longitudinal direction of the security element can be determined, for example, from the width of the second magnetic signal in the respective magnetic area or from a signal derived from the second magnetic signal or from a signal derived from the first and second magnetic signal of the respective magnetic area.
    [0017] As the magnetic signal signatures of the low and high coercive magnetic areas can be configured differently depending on the type of the magnetic detector used, the decision whether a magnetic area is identified as a high coercive magnetic area or as a low coercive magnetic area also depends on the auto switch type. With some auto switches, the second magnetic signal from the high coercive magnetic areas is respectively configured as a single positive peak and the second magnetic signal from the low coercive magnetic areas respectively as a single negative peak. In this case, each magnetic area whose second magnetic signal exceeds the upper threshold is identified as a high coercive magnetic area and each magnetic area whose second magnetic signal reduces the lower threshold as a low coercive magnetic area. In one embodiment, the second magnetic signal of the high coercive and low coercive magnetic areas is respectively configured as a double peak, whereby the double peak of the low coercive magnetic area is configured inversely to the double peak of the high coercive magnetic area. In order to distinguish the high coercive magnetic areas from the low coercive ones, in this case, the shape of the signal of the second magnetic signals from the high coercive and low coercive magnetic areas is further analyzed.
    [0018] The second magnetic signal of the security element has a second signal shift. The second magnetic signals from the magnetic areas are configured in relation to that second signal shift. The upper threshold is defined so that it rests above the second signal shift, and the lower threshold is defined so that it rests below the second signal shift. By identifying the magnetic areas, all of these magnetic areas whose second magnetic signal neither exceeds the upper threshold that rests above the second signal shift nor reduces the lower threshold that rests below the second signal shift are identified as combined magnetic areas. By arranging the upper and lower threshold on the sides of the second signal offset one opposite the other, the comparison of the second magnetic signal with these two thresholds leads to a very reliable distinction between the combined magnetic areas and the low and high coercive magnetic areas.
    [0019] To identify the magnetic areas, one can also use, instead of the second magnetic signal, a signal derived from the second magnetic signal or a signal that has been derived from the second or the first and second magnetic signal. The derived signal can be derived from the second magnetic signal, for example, by forming a correlation of the second magnetic signal with a base signal that is characteristic for the magnetic detector, which detects the second magnetic signal and the security element to be checked . The derived signal can correspond, for example, to the maximum value of a correlation curve, which has been determined for each position along the longitudinal direction of the security element. But other characteristics of the correlation curve can also be used. The derived signal, however, can also be directly the maximum value of the second magnetic signal, which the second magnetic detector detects in the respective position along the longitudinal direction of the security element. The derived signal, however, can also be the area under the second magnetic signal in the respective position along the security element or other characteristics of the second magnetic signal or characteristics of a signal that has been derived from the first and second magnetic signal.
    [0020] By using a derived signal to identify the magnetic areas, each magnetic area, for which a signal derived from its second magnetic signal or for which a signal derived from its first and second magnetic signal does not even exceed an upper threshold , nor does it reduce a lower threshold, it is identified as a combined magnetic area. And each magnetic area, for which a signal derived from its second magnetic signal or for which a signal derived from its first and its second magnetic signal exceeds the upper threshold and / or reduces the lower threshold, is identified either as a high coercive magnetic area or as low coercive.
    [0021] In order to improve the identification of the combined magnetic areas, the upper and lower thresholds are preferably defined so that the two thresholds have a relatively large distance from each other. The distance between the upper and lower threshold is in particular at least 50%, preferably at least 75%, and in particular at least 100% of an average signal oscillation H2 (see Figure 2) of the second magnetic signal, which the the second magnetic signal of the high coercives and / or the second magnetic signal of the low coercive magnetic areas have in relation to the second signal displacement of the second magnetic signal. The average signal oscillation can be determined, for example, from empirical values, which are adjusted by calibrating the second auto switch before checking the value document. Alternatively, the average signal oscillation can also be ascertained, semi-online, from the second magnetic signal, for example, by averaging the signal oscillation of the individual magnetic signal signatures of the high coercives and / or the coercive magnetic areas low, which are contained in the second magnetic signal.
    [0022] In some embodiments, the upper and / or lower threshold are chosen depending on the first magnetic signal of the security element, in particular depending on the signal oscillation of the first magnetic signal, that the first magnetic signal has in relation to a first signal shift. Thus, one can react, for example, to fluctuations in the transportation of the document of value or fluctuations related to the manufacture of the amount of magnetic material in the magnetic areas.
    [0023] The upper threshold and / or the lower threshold can, in this document, be chosen to be the same for all magnetic areas, so that all second magnetic signals from the magnetic areas are compared with the same upper and lower threshold which, however, is dynamically chosen depending on the first magnetic signal of the security element. If the signal oscillation of the first magnetic signals from the magnetic areas of the security element is, for example, on a relatively high or low average, then the upper threshold is consequently increased or reduced.
    [0024] Alternatively, for the magnetic areas of the security element, different upper thresholds or different lower thresholds can also be chosen, so that the second magnetic signals of the magnetic areas are compared with different upper or different lower thresholds. In particular, for at least one of the magnetic areas the upper and / or the lower threshold is chosen individually, depending on the first magnetic signal of the respective magnetic area, in particular depending on the signal oscillation of the first magnetic signal of the respective magnetic area, that the first magnetic signal of the respective magnetic area has in relation to a first signal shift of the first magnetic signal. It is particularly advantageous to choose the upper and / or lower threshold individually for all magnetic areas of the security element, depending on the signal oscillation of the first magnetic signal of the respective magnetic area. If the signal oscillation of the first magnetic signal in a magnetic area is, for example, less than a corresponding stored signal oscillation, then the upper threshold for that magnetic area is reduced as well. Through the individual choice of the upper or lower threshold, the upper or lower threshold is individually adjusted to the respective magnetic area and its constitution, for example, its length and quantity of magnetic material. In this way, for each magnetic area, an optimum position of the upper and lower threshold is achieved. The distinction between the combined magnetic areas and the low and high coercive magnetic areas is further enhanced with this.
    [0025] The invention furthermore relates to an apparatus for verifying a document of value that has a security element with several magnetic areas that has at least one high coercive magnetic area, at least one low coercive and at least one combined. The device has a first auto switch to detect the first magnetic signals from the security element. The device also has an auto switch to detect the second magnetic signals from the security element, whereby this auto switch is either the first auto switch or a second auto switch, which, for example, is built in the same way as the first auto switch . The first and second auto switches can be formed through one or more inductive elements, through Hall elements or through conventional magnet-resistant elements, GMR, AMR, TMR, SdT or spin valve elements.
    [0026] The device additionally contains a signal processing device that is adapted to analyze the first and the second magnetic signals. The signal processing device is adapted to ascertain in which positions in the security element the magnetic areas of the security element are located, and to identify these magnetic areas. Upon identification, each of the magnetic areas of the security element is identified, either as one of the combined magnetic areas, which has both the high coercive and the low coercive magnetic material, or either as one of the high or low coercive magnetic areas, that is, as one of the remaining magnetic areas that the security element can have. The signal processing device is adapted to identify all of these magnetic areas whose second magnetic signal neither exceeds an upper threshold nor reduces a lower threshold of the combined magnetic areas. The upper threshold in this document rests above the second signal shift and the lower threshold below the second signal shift. In particular, the upper and / or lower threshold can either be stored in the signal processing device, or be dynamically generated through the signal processing device. In this document, the upper and lower threshold can be chosen according to the explanations above.
    [0027] In one embodiment, the device also has a first and a second magnetization device, which are components of the device. The first magnetizing device of the apparatus is configured to provide a first magnetic field which is configured for the first magnetizing element of the security element. The second magnetizing device is configured to provide a second magnetic field that is configured for the second magnetizing element of the security element. The first and second magnetic fields can be supplied, for example, through permanent magnets or through electromagnets. The first magnetic field provided through the first magnetizing device is adapted for the first magnetizing of the high coercive and low coercive magnetic material in a first magnetization direction, through which the strength of the magnetic field of the first magnetic field used for the first magnetizing is greater than the first coercive field force. The first magnetizing device is arranged so that, by operating the device, for each of the magnetic areas, the first magnetizing device is executed before the first magnetic signal of the respective magnetic area is detected. The second magnetic field provided through the second magnetization device is adapted for the second magnetizer of the low coercive magnetic material in a second magnetization direction that extends antiparallel to the first magnetization direction. The strength of the magnetic field used for the second magnetizer is less than the first coercive field strength, but greater than the second coercive field strength. The magnetization of the high coercive magnetic material remains aligned, using the second magnetizer, in the first magnetization direction. The second magnetizing device is arranged so that, by operating the device, for each of the magnetic areas, the second magnetizing device is executed after the first magnetic signal has been detected, and before the second magnetic signal of the respective magnetic area is detected. . In particular, the direction of the magnetic field of the second magnetic field extends antiparallel to the direction of the magnetic field of the first magnetic field.
    [0028] In a different mode, the first magnetization device is not a component of the device, but is formed through an external magnetization device that is disposed on the outside of the device and provides the first magnetic field. For example, how a magnetization device external to a permanent magnet or an electromagnet can be used, in addition to which the value document is manually or automatically guided in order to perform the first magnetizing of the security element. The external magnetizing device provides the magnetic field strength that is greater than the first coercive field strength, so that all magnetic areas can be magnetized in the first magnetizing direction. The second magnetizing device in this mode can be performed, as described above, as a component of the device.
    [0029] Alternatively, the second magnetization device can be formed through an external magnetization device that is disposed on the outside of the device and provides the second magnetic field. For the second magnetizer, for example, a permanent magnet or an electromagnet is used, in addition to which the value document is manually or automatically guided in order to execute the second magnetizer of the security element. The external magnetizing device provides a second magnetic field force, which rests between the first and the second coercive field force, so that the low coercive magnetic material can be magnetically reversed in the anti-parallel direction. The first magnetization device in this modality can be performed either as a component of the device or, likewise, as an external magnetization device. In the latter case, the first and second magnetizing device can be performed as two separate external magnetizing devices or as a combined external magnetizing device which provides both the first and the second magnetic field.
    [0030] In the following, the invention is explained by way of example with reference to the following Figures.
    [0031] Figure 1 shows a device for checking a security element, with two magnetizing devices and two magnetic detectors, which are oriented perpendicular to the direction of transport of the security element and perpendicular to the security element,
    [0032] Figure 2 shows a first and second magnetic signal of the safety element, obtained with the help of the device of Figure 1,
    [0033] Figure 3 shows a device for checking a security element, with two magnetizing devices and two magnetic detectors, which are oriented perpendicular to the direction of transport of the security element and parallel to the security element,
    [0034] Figure 4 shows a device for checking a security element, with two magnetizing devices and two magnetic detectors, which are oriented obliquely to the direction of transport of the security element and obliquely to the security element,
    [0035] Figure 5 shows a three-dimensional representation of a device for the verification of a security element, in which the value document rotates in a cylinder and in which the two magnetizing devices and two magnetic detectors are moved parallel to the security element on the revolving document of value,
    [0036] Figure 6 shows a plan view on the apparatus of Figure 5,
    [0037] Figure 7 shows the identification of the magnetic areas with the use of a signal derived from the second magnetic signal.
    [0038] Figure 1 schematically represents an apparatus for checking the magnetic properties of a document of value, in which a document of value, which contains a security element 2, is transported along the transport direction T beyond the device (document of value not shown). The device is configured to check a security element 2 that extends parallel to the transport direction T of the value document. The device can be a component of a machine to process documents of value with which documents of value are checked according to their authenticity, type and / or status, in particular a magnetic sensor that can be installed on such a machine. The device can also be a stand-alone measuring device for checking the magnetic properties of documents of value. The security element 2 in this example is configured as a security thread that contains along its longitudinal direction a first high coercive magnetic area h, a combined magnetic area c, a low coercive magnetic area l and a second high coercive magnetic area h. Among these magnetic areas h, l, c, h is located non-magnetic material. The high coercive and low coercive magnetic material of the combined magnetic area c has the same remaining flux density.
    [0039] The apparatus has a first magnetization device 9 and a second magnetization device 19, which provides a parallel or antiparallel magnetic field to the direction of transport T of the value document. The first magnetizing device in this example is configured for the first magnetizing element of the security element 2 parallel to the direction of transport T, and the second magnetizing device 19 for the second magnetizing element of security element 2 is anti-parallel to the direction of transport T. Alternatively, the security element 2 can also be first magnetized anti-parallel and then parallel to the direction of transport T. The device also contains a first magnetic detector 10, which is arranged between the two magnetizing devices 9, 19, and a second magnetic detector 20 which, upon visualization in the transport direction T, it is arranged downstream of the two magnetizing devices 9, 19. The two auto switches 10, 20 are oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the security element 2 and have a detection element that is configured to detect at least magnetic fields parallel and antiparallel to the direction of transport T.
    [0040] The device additionally has a signal processing device 8 which is connected with the first and second auto switches 10, 20 via lines 7. The signal processing device 8 receives measurement signals from the two auto switches 10, 20 and processes and analyzes them. The signal processing device 8 can be arranged, for example, together with the auto switches 10, 20 in the same housing. Through an interface 6, data can be sent externally via the signal processing device 8, for example, to a control device that additionally processes the data and / or to a display device that informs about the result of the verification of the document of value. In the following modalities, the same elements have the same reference signs.
    [0041] In Figure 2, the magnetic signals of the security element 2 are represented, for example, as a function of time, which arises by transporting the security element 2 in addition to the device shown in Figure 1. Through the first magnetic detector 10, the first magnetic signal M1 of the security element 2 can be detected. The first magnetizing device 9 generates, parallel to the direction of transport T, a first magnetic field with a high magnetic field strength through which, when the safety 2 is transported beyond, all magnetic areas h, c, l are magnetized parallel to the direction of transport T. The first magnetic signal M1 shows, for all magnetic areas h, l, c, h, at the beginning of the magnetic area , a magnetic signal signature consisting of a positive peak at the beginning and a negative peak at the end of a magnetic area (M1h, M1c, M1l). Through the second magnetization device 19, a magnetic field with less field strength is generated, whose direction extends antiparallel to the first magnetic field of the first magnetization device 9. The field force is dimensioned so that only the low coercive magnetic material is magnetically reversed, while the magnetization of the high coercive magnetic material is retained. Therefore, the low coercive magnetic area 1 and the low coercive material of the combined magnetic area c are magnetically reversed in the anti-parallel direction. The two high coercive magnetic areas h and the high coercive material of the combined magnetic area c additionally remain magnetized in the first magnetizing direction. By the following measurement with the second auto switch 20, the second magnetic signal M2 of the security element 2 is detected. The second magnetic signals M2h from the high coercive magnetic areas h show the same magnetic signal signature as the first magnetic signals M1h from the high coercive magnetic areas h. As the low coercive magnetic materials have been magnetically reversed antiparallel, the second magnetic signal M2l of the low coercive magnetic area l shows a magnetic signal signature that is inverse to the magnetic signal signatures observed in the first magnetic signal, and that is also inverse to the signature of magnetic signal of the high coercive magnetic areas h observed in the second magnetic signal (negative peak at the beginning, positive peak at the end of the magnetic area l). For the combined magnetic area c, a very small magnetic signal M2c appears, which, in relation to a second displacement of the O2 signal of the second magnetic signal M2, has a signal amplitude almost disappearing. As the magnetization of the high coercive magnetic material in the combined magnetic area and the magnetization (antiparallel to it) of the low coercive magnetic material in the combined magnetic area are oppositely the same (and almost cancel each other out), a resulting magnetic signal M2c arises from that. of the magnetic area combined with a signal amplitude almost disappearing.
    [0042] From the first and second magnetic signal M1, M2 the signal processing device 8 determines in which positions in the security element 2 magnetic areas are present. This can be derived, for example, already alone from the first magnetic signal M1, for example, through the analysis of which positions in the security element 2 the magnetic signal signature must be found, which is expected for the magnetic areas after the first magnetizing (in this document, a double peak). In addition, the signal processing device 8 is adapted to ascertain for each of the magnetic areas found, the type of the respective magnetic area. For this purpose, two thresholds S1 and S2 are used with which the second magnetic signal M2 is compared. The upper threshold S1 is chosen so that it rests above the second O2 signal offset of the second magnetic signal M2, and the lower threshold S2 is chosen so that it rests below the second O2 signal offset of the second magnetic signal M2 . When comparing the two thresholds S1, S2 for one of the yields of the magnetic areas found that the second magnetic signal of the respective magnetic area neither exceeds the upper threshold S1, nor reduces the lower threshold S2, then that magnetic area is identified as the combined magnetic area ç. Each magnetic area whose second magnetic signal exceeds the upper threshold S1 and / or reduces the lower threshold S2 is identified as either a high coercive or a low coercive magnetic area. In order to distinguish between high coercive and low coercive magnetic areas, in addition, the respective magnetic signal signature of the second magnetic signal M2h, M2l of these magnetic areas is analyzed on whether first a positive peak and then a negative peak have been detected (magnetic areas high coercive h) or vice versa (low coercive magnetic area l). By reversing the direction of the magnetic fields of the magnetizing devices 9, 19, or by using other magnetic detectors, it may be the case that the assignment of the low and high coercive magnetic areas must be carried out exactly vice versa.
    [0043] With the help of this method, a magnetic encoding of the security thread 2 of high, low and combined coercive magnetic areas can be reliably established. Optionally, in this document, the upper and / or lower threshold S1, S2 can be chosen depending on the first magnetic signal M1 of the security element 2. For example, the upper threshold S1, with which the second magnetic signal M2l of the coercive magnetic area low l is compared, it can be reduced, individually for the low coercive magnetic area 1, for the first threshold S1 *, while the second magnetic signals of the remaining magnetic areas h, c, h are compared with the threshold S1. Thus, the first threshold can be individually adjusted to the relatively low signal oscillation H1l, which the first magnetic signal M1l of the low coercive magnetic area 1 has in relation to the first signal displacement O1 of the first magnetic signal M1.
    [0044] In Figure 3 an additional modality is outlined, in which the security element 2 is transported so that its longitudinal direction is oriented perpendicularly to the transport direction T of the value document. In order to obtain a spatial resolution along the security element 2 (y direction), as a first and second magnetic detector a first detector line 11 and a second detector line 21 are used, which respectively have a plurality of individual detection elements 12, 22. Each of these detection elements 12, 22 generates a magnetic signal, so that, in this example, a plurality of first magnetic signals M1 are detected with the help of detection elements 12 and a plurality of second magnetic signals M2 with the help of the detection elements 22. Each detection element 12 of the first detector line 11 captures the same section of the transported security element 2 as a detection element 22 of the second detector line 21 corresponding to it. Signal processing can be carried out, for example, in a manner analogous to the embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, whereby the magnetic signals of two corresponding detection elements 12, 22 respectively are processed as first and second magnetic signals.
    [0045] In Figure 4 an additional modality is outlined, in which the security element 2 is transported, as in Figure 3, with its longitudinal direction perpendicular to the transport direction T. In contrast to the modality of Figures 1 and 2, in this modality , the auto switches 10, 20 and the magnetizing devices 9, 19 are oriented obliquely to the transport direction T of the security element 2. Through the oblique position, a spatial resolution can be achieved even without the use of elaborate detector lines. The two detection elements of the auto switches 10, 20 detect the first or the second magnetic signal, analogous to the example of Figures 1 and 2, as a function of time.
    [0046] Figures 5 and 6 show an additional modality, in which the device is configured as a standalone measuring device that is configured to verify the magnetic properties of individual documents of value 1. In contrast to the modality of Figures 1 and 2, in this embodiment the second magnetizing device 19 and the second magnetic detector 23 are arranged together with the first magnetizing device 9 and the first magnetic detector 13. The two magnetic detectors 13, 23 and the two magnetizing devices 9, 19 are mounted on one scanning device 5, which is transportable along direction B and is located a short distance from cylinder 3. The auto switches 13, 23 have on their lower sides, respectively, an area sensitive to magnetic field 14, 24. The document of value 1 is attached to a cylinder 3 that is rotatable around the geometric axis A which extends parallel to the direction B. Through the rotation of the cylinder 3, the document the value 1 can be repeatedly transported along the circumference of the cylinder 3 in addition to the auto switches 13, 23 and the magnetizing devices 9, 19. With each rotation, the magnetic signals of these sections of the security element 2 can be detected, which , depending on the position of the scanning device 5, are placed at that moment in the detection area of the auto switches 13 or 23. By slowly moving the scanning device 5 along direction B and a rapid simultaneous rotation of the cylinder 3, the magnetic areas h, l , and c of the security element2 are, as in the previous modalities, successively magnetized twice, and therefore, respectively, their magnetic signals are detected. In Figure 6, the device is represented in a moment during a rotation, whereby the combined magnetic area c is magnetized by the first magnetization device 9 and the first magnetic signals M1c of the combined magnetic area c are detected with the aid of the magnetic detector. 13. The high coercive and low coercive magnetic areas h, l are located, by means of this rotation, outside the detection area of the two auto switches 13, 23. As an alternative to the arrangement shown in Figures 5 and 6, the document of value 1 it can also be attached to the cylinder 3 in such a way that the security element 2 is oriented not perpendicularly, but parallel to the transport direction T of the value document. In this case, analogous to the modality of Figure 1, the first and second magnetic signals are, respectively, detected as a function of time, first by the first and then by the second magnetic detector.
    [0047] To identify the magnetic areas, the first and second magnetic signals M1, M2 of the security element 2, in particular, in the modalities of Figures 3 and Figures 5 and 6, can also be processed as follows: from the first magnetic signal M1 is firstly derived from a first signal M1 'and from the second magnetic signal M2 is derived a second signal M2'. In Figure 7, examples of such first and second derived signal M1 ', M2' are shown. The first derived signal M1 'shown in Figure 7 was derived from the first magnetic signal M1 of the magnetic detector 10 by forming a correlation of the first magnetic signal M1 to a base signal that is characteristic for the magnetic detector 10, 11 used and the element security 2 to be verified. The first derived signal M1 'shown in Figure 7 corresponds to the maximum value of the correlation curve that was determined for each position y along the longitudinal direction of the security element 2. But also other characteristics of the correlation curve can be used. Similarly, the second derived signal M2 'was derived from the second magnetic signal M2 of the magnetic detector 20, 21 by forming a correlation of the second magnetic signal M2 with a base signal that is characteristic for the used magnetic detector 20, 21 and the security element 2.
    [0048] However, as a first derived signal M1 ', however, the maximum value of the first magnetic signal M1, which the first magnetic detector 10, 11 or the individual detection elements 12 of this detect in the y position, can also be used, for example. of the security element 2. As a first derivative signal M1 ', the area under the first magnetic signal M1 can also be used in the respective y position of the security element 2, or also other characteristics of the first magnetic signal M1. The second derived signal M2 'is derived from the second magnetic signal M2 analogous to the derivation of the first derived signal M1' from the first magnetic signal M1.
    [0049] The second derived signal M2 'may have been derived either from the second magnetic signal M2 alone, or from the first and second magnetic signal M1, M2. In the latter case, for example, the maximum value or area of the first and second magnetic signal M1, M2 is respectively respectively determined, or, respectively, a correlation value of the first and second magnetic signal M1, M2 with the base signal, and then the second derived signal M2'is derived from this, for example, through a linear combination or forming a ratio. For example, the second derived signal M2'is derived by adding or subtracting the maximum values of the first M1 and the second magnetic signal M2 in the respective y position, or by adding or subtracting the correlation values of the first and second magnetic signal in the respective y position.
    [0050] The second derived signal M2'is then compared to an upper threshold S1 and a lower threshold S2 in order to identify the magnetic areas h, 1, c. When the comparison to the two thresholds S1, S2 yields to one of the magnetic areas found h, 1, c that the second signal derived M2 'from the respective magnetic area neither exceeds the upper threshold S1 nor misses the lower threshold S2, that magnetic area is identified as the combined magnetic area c, see Figure 7. When exceeding the upper threshold S1, the respective magnetic area is identified as the high coercive magnetic area h and when the lower threshold is missed, as the low coercive magnetic area 1.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [0001]
    1. Apparatus for verifying a document of value (1) that has a security element (2) with several magnetic areas (h, l, c), comprising at least one high coercive magnetic area (h) that contains a material high coercive magnetic force with a first coercive field force and at least one low coercive magnetic area (l) containing a low coercive magnetic material with a second coercive field force that is less than the first coercive field force and at least one area combined magnetic (c) containing the low coercive and high coercive magnetic material, comprising: - a first magnetic detector (10) for detecting first magnetic signals (M1) of the security element (2) after a first magnetization of the security element (2) was performed by a first magnetic field whose magnetic field strength is greater than the strength of the first coercive field, so that the magnetization of the high coercive magnetic material and the magnetization of the mag material low coercive netic are aligned in a first magnetization direction, - a magnetic detector to detect second magnetic signals (M2) from the security element (2), after a second magnetization of the security element (2) has been carried out by a second field magnetic whose magnetic field strength is less than the force of the first coercive field but is greater than the force of the second coercive field, in which the second magnetic field is oriented so that the magnetization of the low coercive magnetic material through the second magnetization is aligned antiparallel to the first magnetization direction, and where the magnetic detector used to detect the second magnetic signals is either the first magnetic detector (10) or a second magnetic detector (20), - a signal processing device (8) for analyzing the first (M1) and the second magnetic signals (M2), which is adapted to verify in which positions in the safety element (2) the magnetic areas are located (h, l, c) of the security element, and the oil to identify the magnetic areas (h, l, c) of the security element (2), in which each of the magnetic areas is identified or as a high coercive magnetic area (h ), either as a low coercive magnetic area (l), or as a combined magnetic area (c) that has low coercive and high coercive magnetic material, characterized by the fact that the signal processing device (8) is adapted to identify all those magnetic areas whose second magnetic signal or a signal (M2 ') derived from its second magnetic signal (M2) does not even exceed an upper threshold (S1) nor does it miss a lower threshold (S2) as combined magnetic areas (c).
    [0002]
    2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the signal processing device (8) is adapted in such a way that to identify the magnetic areas (h, l, c), the second magnetic signal (M2) the respective magnetic area (h, l, c) or a signal (M2 ') derived from the second magnetic signal (M2) from the respective magnetic area (h, l, c) or a signal (M2') derived from the first (M1) and the second magnetic signal (M2) of the respective magnetic area (h, l, c) is compared to an upper threshold (S1) and a lower threshold (S2).
    [0003]
    Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the signal processing device (8) is adapted to identify each of the magnetic areas whose second magnetic signal (M2) or a signal (M2 ') derived from its second magnetic signal (M2) or a signal (M2 ') derived from its first (M1) and its second magnetic signal (M2) exceeds the upper threshold (S1) and / or misses the lower threshold (S2) or as high coercive magnetic area (h) or as low coercive (l).
    [0004]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that upon operation of the apparatus, the second magnetic signal (M2) of the security element (2) or a signal (M2 ') derived from its second magnetic signal (M2) or a signal (M2 ') derived from its first (M1) and its second magnetic signal (M2) has a second signal displacement (O2) and that the upper threshold is located above the second displacement of signal (O2) and the lower threshold is located below the second signal displacement (O2).
    [0005]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the signal processing device (8) is adapted to choose at least one of the magnetic areas (h, l, c) the threshold upper (S1) and / or the lower threshold (S2) depending on the first magnetic signal (M1), through which the signal processing device (8) is adapted, in particular, to choose for at least one of the magnetic areas (h, l, c) the lower (S2) and / or upper (S1) threshold individually, depending on a first magnetic signal (Mlh, Mll, Mlc) of the respective magnetic area (h, l, c).
    [0006]
    6. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the apparatus has a first magnetizing device (9) which is configured to provide a first magnetic field which is adapted to magnetize, in the first place , the low coercive magnetic material and the high coercive in a first magnetization direction, through which the magnetic field strength used to magnetize, in the first place, is greater than the first coercive field force.
    [0007]
    Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the apparatus has a second magnetizing device (19) which is configured to provide a second magnetic field which is adapted to magnetize, secondly, the low coercive magnetic material in a second magnetization direction that extends antiparallel to a first magnetization direction, whereby the magnetic field strength used to magnetize, secondly, is less than the first but larger coercive field force than the second coercive field force.
    [0008]
    8. Method for verifying a document of value (1) as defined in claim 1, characterized by the fact that the following steps are performed: - first magnetize the security element (2) through a first magnetic field whose magnetic field strength is greater than the first coercive field strength, so that the magnetization of the high coercive magnetic material and the magnetization of the low coercive magnetic material are aligned in a first magnetization direction, - detect the first magnetic signals (M1 ) of the security element (2) by means of a first magnetic detector (10), - secondly, magnetize the security element (2) by means of a second magnetic field whose magnetic field strength is less than the first strength of coercive field, but it is greater than the second coercive field force, in which the second magnetic field is oriented in such a way that the magnetization of the low coercive magnetic material through the second magnet ization is aligned antiparallel to the first magnetization direction, - detect the second magnetic signals (M2) of the security element (2) using the first auto switch (10) or via a second auto switch (20), - analyze the first ones ( M1) and the second magnetic signs (M2) of the security element (2), in order to determine in which positions in the security element (2) the magnetic areas (h, l, c) of the security element and the in order to identify each of the magnetic areas (h, l, c) either as a combined magnetic area (c) or as a low coercive magnetic area (l) or a high coercive magnetic area (h).
    [0009]
    9. Method according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that at least one combined magnetic area (c) is magnetized by the second magnetic field in such a way that a magnetization resulting from at least one combined magnetic area (c), which arises from the second magnetization disappear at least approximately.
    [0010]
    Method according to any one of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that at least one combined magnetic area (c) is configured in such a way that the high coercive magnetic material of the combined magnetic area (c) and the material the low coercive magnetic area of the combined magnetic area (c) has substantially the same flux density remaining, through which the combined magnetic area (c) contains, in particular, equal amounts of the low coercive and the high coercive magnetic material.
    [0011]
    11. Method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized by the fact that to identify the magnetic areas (h, l, c), the second magnetic signal (M2) of the respective magnetic area (h, 1, c) or a signal (M2 ') derived from the second magnetic signal (M2) of the respective magnetic area (h, l, c) or a signal (M2') derived from the first (M1) and the second magnetic signal (M2) of respective magnetic area (h, l, c) is compared to an upper threshold (S1) and a lower threshold (S2).
    [0012]
    12. Method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized by the fact that each magnetic area (h, l, c) whose second magnetic signal (M2) or a signal (M2 ') derived from its second signal magnetic (M2) or a signal (M2 ') derived from its first (M1) and its second magnetic signal (M2) neither exceeds an upper threshold (S1) nor does it miss a lower threshold (S2) is identified as a combined magnetic area (c ).
    [0013]
    13. Method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized by the fact that each magnetic area (h, l, c) whose second magnetic signal (M2) or a signal (M2 ') derived from its second magnetic signal (M2 ) or a signal (M2 ') derived from its first (M1) and its second magnetic signal (M2) exceeds the upper threshold (S1) and / or misses the lower threshold (S2) is identified or as a low coercive magnetic area (l ) or as high coercive (h).
    [0014]
    14. Method according to any of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the second magnetic signal (M2) of the security element (2) or a signal (M2 ') derived from its second magnetic signal (M2 ) or a signal (M2 ') derived from its first (M1) and its second magnetic signal (M2) has a second signal displacement (O2) and that the upper threshold (S1) is located above the second signal displacement (O2 ) and the lower threshold (S2) is located below the second signal shift (O2).
    [0015]
    15. Method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the upper threshold (S1) and the lower threshold (S2) have a distance that is at least 50%, preferably at least 75 %, in particular, at least 100% of an average signal oscillation (H2), that the second magnetic signal of the low coercive (l) and high coercive (h) magnetic areas is related to the second signal shift (O2).
    [0016]
    16. Method according to any one of claims 11 to 15, characterized by the fact that for at least one of the magnetic areas (h, l, c) the lower (S2) and / or upper (S1) threshold is chosen depending on the first magnetic signal (M1), through which, preferably, for at least one of the magnetic areas (h, l, c) the lower (S2) and / or upper (S1) threshold is chosen individually, depending on of a first magnetic signal (M1h, M1l, M1c) of the respective magnetic area (h, l, c), in particular, depending on a signal oscillation of the first magnetic signal (M1h, M1l, M1c) of the respective magnetic area ( h, l, c).
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    公开号 | 公开日
    RU2560787C2|2015-08-20|
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    WO2011026829A1|2011-03-10|
    EP2473978B1|2017-07-05|
    DE102009039588A1|2011-03-03|
    US20120160632A1|2012-06-28|
    ZA201200778B|2012-10-31|
    US8544630B2|2013-10-01|
    RU2012112338A|2014-10-20|
    CN102576477A|2012-07-11|
    CN102576477B|2015-10-14|
    EP2473978A1|2012-07-11|
    BR112012004544A2|2018-06-26|
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    法律状态:
    2018-07-31| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: GIESECKE+DEVRIENT CURRENCY TECHNOLOGY GMBH (DE) |
    2019-01-08| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-09-03| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-09-15| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application according art. 36 industrial patent law|
    2021-01-26| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2021-03-16| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 10 (DEZ) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 16/03/2021, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
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    DE102009039588.1|2009-09-01|
    DE102009039588A|DE102009039588A1|2009-09-01|2009-09-01|Method and device for checking value documents|
    PCT/EP2010/062681|WO2011026829A1|2009-09-01|2010-08-31|Method and device for testing value documents|
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